conjunction

CONJUNCTION

Hallo sobat Pintar!, Selanjutnya ada conjunction nih sobat pintar. Conjunction adalah kata atau kelompok kata yang digunakan untuk menggabungkan dua kata, frasa atau kalimat.

Contoh kalimat :

                                Ahmad and I go to school

                                It is hard to speak English because we never practice

Setelah belajar mengenai conjunction, yuk sekarang cek pemahaman kalian disini yuk sobat pintar.

latihan1

Jim was hungry, … he ate all burger.

A. And

B. So

C. Of

D. Or

latihan2

They eat … watch television at the same time.

A. For

B. Or

C. And

D. Because

Passive voice

Hallo sobat Pintar! sekarang kita akan belajar tentang "Passive voice"

Sobat pintar, Passive voice adalah cara merubah dari kalimat aktif menjadi kalimat pasif, artinya pelaku atau subjek pada kalimat aktif berubah menjadi objek atau dengan kata lain adalah sebagai penderita.

Contoh :

Aktif : S + Verb 1 + Object

Pasif : Subject + tobe + Verb 3 + by + Object

Contoh Dalam Kalimat :

Aktif : She brings a new book

Pasif : A new book is brought by her

Note :

Auxiliary verb dapat berupa primary auxiliary verb be (is, are, am, was, were, be, been, being), kombinasi antara dua primary (is/are being, was/were being, has/have been) atau antara primary dan modal auxiliary verb (will be, will have been); sedangkan past participle yang digunakan berupa kata kerja transitive.

Contoh:

She can’t drive a car. (active voice, transitive).

He always come on time. (active voice, intransitive)

Perubahan bentuk dari base form ke past tense dan past participle secara regular atau irregular.

Contoh:

play (base form) —> played (past participle)

sing (base form) —> sung (past participle)

Setelah belajar mengenai passive voice (simple present tense in passive form), yuk cek pemahaman kalian disini sobat pintar.

latihan1

Change the sentences into passive

A. My father was bought this car last year.

B. My father was bought  by this car last year.

C. This car was bought by my father last year.

D. This car were bought by my father last year

latihan2

Translate this sentence into English.

"Soal-soal ini dijawab dengan sempurna oleh Fahri"

A. This questions are answered perfectly by Fahri.

B. This questions is answered by Fahri.

C. This questions answered perfectly Fahri.

D. Fahri answered the questions perfectly.

Simple Present Tense

Hallo sobat Pintar, kali ini kita akan belajar tentang "Tenses"

1. Simple present tense

Simple present tense adalah tenses (pola kalimat) yang digunakan untuk menceritakan waktu sekarang dan menjadi kebiasaan dalam bentuk sederhana.

Rumus Verbal

(+) S + V1 s/es + O

(-) S + do/does not + V1 + O…

(?) Do/Does + S + V…?

Rumus Nominal

(+) S + be(am, is, are) + Adj / Noun / Adverb

(-) S + be + not + Adj / Noun / Adverb

(?) Be + S + Adj / Noun / Adverb ?

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Simple Present Tense:

(+) My mother goes to market.

(-) My mother does not go to market.

(?) Does your mother go to market?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Simple Present Tense.

(+) Rara is a beautiful woman.

(-) Rara is not a beautiful woman.

(?) Is she a beautiful woman?

Nah sobat pintar, sudah faham kana pa itu simple present tense. Sekarang coba kerjakan latihan berikut ini yuk.

latihan 1

They ... English every weekend

A. Speak

B. Speaks

C. Speaking

D. Spoke

latihan 2

Farida  ... to her grandmother`s house every weekend

A. Go

B. Went

C. Goes

D. Gos

Present Continuous Tense

Kali ini kita akan belajar tentang tenses yang selanjutnya

2. Present continuous tense

Present continuous tense adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang sedang terjadi atau berlangsung.

Rumus Verbal

(+) S + is/am/are +V-ing + O

(-) S + is/am/are +Not + V-ing + O…

(?) is/am/are + S + V-ing + O…?

Rumus Nominal

(+) S + be(am, is, are) + Adj / Noun / Adverb

(-) S + be + not + Adj / Noun / Adverb

(?) Be + S + Adj / Noun / Adverb ?

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Present Continuous  Tense:

(+) My mother is cooking in the kitchen.

(-) My mother is not cooking in the kitchen.

(?) is your mother cooking in the kitchen?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Simple Present Tense.

(+) She is being at school.

(-) She is not being at school.

(?) Is she being at school?

Note:

Tidak semua verb dibentuk menjadi Verb-ing, tetapi ada bebrapa verb yang tidak boleh dicontinuouskan karena secara implisit, verb tersebut mengandung makna sedang. Diantaranya adalah :

1. Verb of sense (kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan panca indera).

Contoh : hear, see, smell

                   I see you now.

2.  Verb of possession (kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan milik).

Contoh : have, own, possess, belong to.

                   I have a new car

3. Verb of opinion (kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan pendapat)

Contoh: know, think, believe, understand, remember, mean, recognize, forget.

                  I recognize her well.

4. Verb of attitude (kata kerja yang berkaitan dengan sikap)

Contoh: need, like, love, want, hate, appear, dislike, seem.

                  I want you to be my friend.

latihan 3

Listen! Farhan …… with his friend right now.

A. Sing

B. Sings

C. Is singing

D. Are singing

latihan 4

A: What are the boys doing?

A. Play

B. Played

C. Are playing

D. Have played

Simple Past Tense

kali ini akan belajar tentang tenses yang selanjutnya

3. Simple past tense

Simple past tense adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi dimasa lampau dan waktu terjadinya persitiwa itu telah diketahui.

Rumus Verbal:

(+) S + V2 + O + Adj / Noun / Adverb

(-) S + did + not + V1 + O + Adj / Noun / Adverb

(?) Did + S + V1 + O + Adj / Noun / Adverb ?

Rumus Nominal:

(+) S + to be 2 (was/were) + Adj / Noun / Adverb

(-) S + to be 2 (was/were) + Adj / Noun / Adverb

(?) to be 2 + S + ANA ?

Contoh Kalimat Verbal Simple Past Tense:

(+) The Teacher went to the school yesterday.

(-) The Teacher did not go to the school yesterday.

(?) Did the  go to the school yesterday?

Contoh Kalimat Nominal Simple Past Tense:

(+) She was a pilot.

(-) She was not a pilot.

(?) Was she a pilot?

Note:

Was: digunakan untuk pronoun I, He, She, dan It.

Were: digunakan untuk pronoun You, We, They.

Nah sobat pintar, sudah faham kan apa itu simple past tense. Sekarang coba kerjakan latihan berikut ini yuk.

latihan 5

We…… in this place 2 years ago

A. Meet

B. Be meeting

C. Are meet

D. Met

latihan 6

I …… a doctor last year

A. Were

B. Are

C. Was

D. Is

Past Continuous Tense

Kali ini kita akan belajar tentang Tenses yang selanjutnya

4. Past continuous tense

Past continuous tense adalah tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan aktifitas yang sedang nerlangsung dimasa lampau dengan keterangan waktu tertentu di masa lampau.

Contoh :

Kalimat Verbal

(+) she was taking a course (S+was/were+Ving+O)

(-) she was not taking a course (S+was/were+not+Ving+O)

(?) was she taking a course? (was/were+S+Ving+O+?)

Kalimat Nominal

(+) she was being at school (S+was/were+being+unverb)

(-) she was not being at school (S+was/were+not+being+unverb)

(?) was she being at school? (was/were+S+being+unverb+?)

Fungsi dari past continuous tense adalah :

1. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu tindakan yang sedang berlangsung di masa lampau. Contoh :

• The boy was eating fried rice last morning.
• My father was washing motorcycle yesterday.

2. Digunakan untuk menerangkan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung di masa lampau di saat kejadian lainnya menyela.

• Past Continuous Tense + when + Past Tense

          (S + was/were + V-ing + when + S + V2)

          Contoh:They were playing football when it began to rain.

• Simple Past Tense + while + Past Continuous Tense

          (+ S + V2 + while + S + was/were + V-ing )

          Contoh: My brother arrived at home while I was repairing my bicycle.

3. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu aktivitas atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada saat yang bersamaan juga berlangsung di waktu lampau.

          Untuk membuat kalimat dari fungsi yang ke 3 ini ada beberapa rumus yang bisa kita gunakan.

• Past Continuous Tense + while + Past Continuous Tense

          (S + was/were + V-ing while + S + was/were + V-ing)

          Contoh: They were playing volley ball while I was cycling.

• While + Past Continuous Tense + Past Continuous Tense
  (While + S + was/were + V-ing + S + was/were + V-ing)

          Contoh: While I was doing home work my sister practicing dance.
 

Nah sobat pintar, sudah faham kan apa itu past continuous tense. Sekarang coba kerjakan latihan berikut ini yuk.

latihan 7

My sister ……… when my parents came home.

A. Was sleeping

B. Were sleeping

C. Is sleeping

D. Slept

latihan 8

The television ……….. (turn) when I read a book

A. Turned

B. Were turning

C. Was turning on

D. Being turned

latihan 10

Yuanita ………. Noodle this morning

A. Had eaten

B. Eats

C. Was eating

D. has eaten

Future Continuous Tense

Kali ini kita akan belajar tentang Tenses  yang selanjutnya

6. Future continuous tense

Future continuous tense adalah tenses yang digunakan menyatakan aksi yang akan sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa depan. Aksi tersebut telah dimulai tapi belum selesai pada saat itu.

Contoh :

kalimat verbal

(+) He will be sleeping (S + will be + V1-ing/present participle)

(-) He will not be sleeping (S + will + not + be + V1-ing/present participle)

(?) Will he be sleeping ? (Will + S + be + V1-ing/present participle)

Kalimat nominal

(+) She will be being at house (S + will be + being + unverb)

(-)She will not be being at house (S + will + not + be + being + unverb)

(?) Will she be being at house ? ( Will + S+ be + being + unverb ?)

Nah sobat pintar, sudah faham kan apa itu future continuous tense. Sekarang coba kerjakan latihan berikut ini yuk.

latihan 11

I … (wait) on the train station by this time tomorrow morning.

A. Will waiting

B. Will be waiting

C. Will be wait

D. Be waiting

latihan 12

... (you, read) the book tonight?

A. Will you be reading

B. Will be you reading

C. Will be reading you

D. You will be reading